Widget Padding Woes (at least I think it's padding)

Good morning,

I have three questions, please. My site is http://www.fiftytolife.com:

1. For text widgets (i.e., recovering realtor, upper left): how can I add the bar at the left of the links? Oh, I just realized I can code the text box... could someone share that code with me, please? I can search in the html in the editor to find this code (like in the recent posts) and copy, yes?

2. For the recent posts widget (under recovering realtor): this looks the best, but I would like to decrease the space between the bar and the link. Where do I go to do that?

3. For the categories widget (lower right sidebar), how do I get that to justify left?

It's a mystery right now. I did look through the topics here, but could not find these answers.

Thank you!!!!
Sally